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Projects Laser degradation of microplastics for wastewater treatment
LasTechMP / 43TE Active

Laser degradation of microplastics for wastewater treatment

Laser-driven photo-oxidative degradation of microplastic pollutants in aquatic environments.

Summary

Plastics are widely used in our daily lives due to their affordability, lightweight, strength, and durability. Unfortunately, a significant amount of plastic waste is improperly disposed of, leading to its discharge into the natural environment. When subjected to physicochemical and biological processes, plastics can degrade into smaller particles, referred to as microplastics (MPs), with dimensions less than 5 mm. The abundance and small size of MPs make them easily ingested by organisms, hindering their biological growth and causing harmful toxic effects. Humans can also experience organ damage through ingestion of MPs via the food chain or other exposure pathways.

Consequently, MPs pollution has become a global concern. There is currently no specific treatment technologies employed globally for their total elimination, and research on MPs removal is still in its early stages. Urgent efforts are required to develop rapid, reliable, and efficient methods for MPs removal. In this project, we aim to develop a laser-driven photo-oxidative degradation method for MPs in aquatic environments, specifically targeting its application in wastewater treatment. By using UV laser radiation, with sufficient energy to break the chemical bonds in the polymer chain, we can initiate the mechanism responsible for polymer degradation.

microplastics laser degradation wastewater environmental photochemistry UV irradiation

Project Details

Contract 43TE / 08.01.2025 — PN-IV-P2-2.1-TE-2023-1686
Funding MCID, CNCS – UEFISCDI
Programme Research projects for stimulating young independent teams (TE)
Leader Dr. Adriana-Loredana Smarandache
Contractor National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics (INFLPR)
Start 08.01.2025
End 31.12.2026

Expected Results

  • Concept for efficient MPs removal method for advanced wastewater treatment using direct laser irradiation of polymer microparticles contaminants in water
  • Testing and implementation of the method concept
  • Optimized parameters for the complete laser degradation method of MP in water
  • New laser degradation method of MP for wastewater treatment
  • Project website
  • 4 scientific communications at national/international conferences
  • 4 publications in high impact scientific journals
  • Scientific progress reports
  • Final project report

Project Team

Contractor
National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics (INFLPR)
Leader Dr. Adriana-Loredana Smarandache
Dr. Angela Staicu
Dr. Ionut Relu Andrei
Dr. Andra Dinache
Dr. Mihai Boni
Dr. Ana Maria Udrea
Dr. Iuliana Urzica
Dr. Agota Simon

Stage Reports

2025

Stage 1: Development of a specific method for laser-induced degradation of plastic microparticles (MP) for their total removal.

Activity 1.1: Development of the new method for complete laser degradation of MP in water with potential application for advanced wastewater treatment.

Objectives
  1. Updating the method concept within the specific objectives of the project, taking into account the most recent scientific reports in the literature
  2. Determining the critical parameters and quality attributes to be followed for the development of the experimental laser irradiation set-up
  3. Establishing the technical characteristics for the logistics (equipment, stocks) to be purchased
  4. Procurement of equipment/stocks for the experimental upgrade
  5. Selection/purchase of MP samples
  6. Mounting the experimental set-up
  7. Preparation of MP stock samples in water
  8. Measurements of the interaction of laser radiation with bulk MPs samples by DLS, optical microscopy, SEM, UV-Vis-NIR, FTIR/ATR and Raman spectroscopy
  9. Evaluation of MP photodegradation in water by LIF
  10. Evaluation of generated singlet oxygen and kinetic rates for light-induced reactions by time-resolved measurements of singlet oxygen phosphorescence
  11. Qualitative/quantitative analyses of data obtained from experiments examining the effects of laser radiation on bulk MPs samples
  12. Computational modeling for in silico prediction of MP adsorption capacity for antibiotics and microorganisms
  13. Measurements of microfluidic properties by real-time measurements of surface tension at the air/water interface of laser-irradiated MPs
  14. Measurement of contact angles on laser-irradiated MPs in water samples
Deliverables
  • · Concept for efficient PM removal method for advanced wastewater treatment using direct laser irradiation of PM contaminants in water
  • · Testing and implementation of the method concept
  • · 2 scientific communications at national/international conferences
  • · 2 publications in high impact scientific journals
  • · Project website
  • · Stage report
Dissemination
Articles

Udrea, A.-M.; Buiu, C.; Staicu, A.; Dabu, A.N.; Avram, S. Photodegradation of psychotropic medications: Impact on efficacy, safety, and drug properties. Comput. Biol. Med. 2025, 191, 110115.

Udrea, A.-M.; Bilea, F.; Avram, S.; Staicu, A. Laser-Induced Dimeric Photoproducts of Chlorpromazine: LC-MS Identification and Molecular Docking Evidence of Enhanced Anticancer Potential. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26, 6668.

Stăncălie-Nedelcu, R.I.; Berteșteanu, Ș.V.G.; Berteșteanu, G.S.; Andrei, I.R.; Smarandache, A.; Staicu, A.; Tozar, T.; Costin, R.; Grigore, R. Exploratory Approach Using Laser-Induced Autofluorescence for Upper Aerodigestive Tract Cancer Diagnosis—Three Case Reports. Appl. Sci. 2026, 16, 1536. https://doi.org/10.3390/app16031536

Conferences

Smarandache, A.; Dinache, A.; Andrei, I.R.; Boni, M.; Urzica, I.; Staicu, A. “Laser-induced photodegradation of microplastics as promising approach for their removal from aquatic environments.” EMRS Spring 2025, Strasbourg, France.

Udrea, A.M.; Staicu, A.; Smarandache, A.; Balea, F.; Badea, M.A.; Andrei, I.R.; Bunea, A.C.; Borcan, T.; Balas, N. “UV Laser Irradiated Chlorpromazine in Breast Cancer Treatment.” EMRS Spring 2025, Strasbourg, France.

Boni, M.; Dinache, A.; Andrei, I.R.; Urzica, I.; Staicu, A.; Smarandache, A. “Addressing the microplastic pollution crisis: laser tech for monitoring and efficient removal.” FPPT-11, 2025, Dubrovnik, Croatia.

Smarandache, A.; Andrei, I.R.; Boni, M.; Dinache, A.; Tozar, T.; Urzica, I.; Udrea, A.M.; Ungureanu, I.; Staicu, A. “Droplet-Based Microfluidics for Microplastics Pollution Research.” Droplets 2025, Liège, Belgium.

Smarandache, A.; Dinache, A.; Andrei, I.R.; Boni, M.; Urzica, I.; Staicu, A. “Environmental Nanotechnology for Microplastic Removal: Insights into Laser-Induced Photodegradation.” IOCN 2025 (online).

Boni, M.; Udrea, A.M.; Dinache, A.; Tozar, T.; Badea, M.A.; Stanciu, G.; Neagu, L.; Drăghici, D.; Ungureanu, I.P.; Andrei, I.R.; Smarandache, A. et al. “High-Power Laser-Driven X-Ray Radiation for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy.” FPPT-11, 2025, Dubrovnik, Croatia.

Balas, M.; Caragata, S.A.; Staicu, A.; Badea, M.A.; Andrei, I.R.; Smarandache, A.; Udrea, A. “Potential of laser-irradiated chlorpromazine for triple-negative breast cancer therapy.” 49th FEBS Congress, Istanbul, Turkey.

Caragata, S.A.M.; Udrea, A.M.; Staicu, A.; Badea, M.A.; Andrei, I.R.; Smarandache, A.; Balas, M. “Eficienta clorpromazinei iradiate cu laser in tratamentul cancerului de san triplu negativ.” Sesiunea de comunicari stiintifice, Facultatea de Biologie, Bucuresti, Romania.

2026

Stage 2: (planned)

Report pending.

Publications

Exploratory Approach Using Laser-Induced Autofluorescence for Upper Aerodigestive Tract Cancer Diagnosis—Three Case Reports
R.I. Stăncălie-Nedelcu, Ș.V.G. Berteșteanu, G.S. Berteșteanu, I.R. Andrei, A. Smarandache, A. Staicu, T. Tozar, R. Costin, R. Grigore
Applied Sciences 16 , 1536 · 2026 doi:10.3390/app16031536 ↗
Laser-Induced Dimeric Photoproducts of Chlorpromazine: LC-MS Identification and Molecular Docking Evidence of Enhanced Anticancer Potential
A.M. Udrea, F. Bilea, S. Avram, A. Staicu
International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26(14) , 6668 · 2025 doi:10.3390/ijms26146668 ↗